基础篇——平衡阀介绍（中英文）

平衡阀控制和平衡流体系统（包括 HVAC 系统）中各个系统部分之间的流体流动。它有助于保持整个系统的流速和压力正常。平衡阀确保每个分支和电路都能得到所需的流量。正确的选择和安装对于正常运行至关重要。它们平衡系统中的压力，为结构内部提供所需的温度。它跟大限度地降低了能源使用和维护成本。

平衡阀的功能是解决由系统内管线长度或压力变化引起的流体流动问题。高度变化、机械损耗或系统不同部分或区域的不同需求都可能导致这些变化。

以下文章介绍了平衡阀的基础知识。它介绍了平衡阀的工作原理、不同类型的平衡阀以及它们的通常使用方法。最后，它将解释平衡阀的优点、应用和尺寸。

Balancing valves control and balance the fluid flow between various system sections in fluid systems, including HVAC systems. It helps keep the flow rates and pressures regular across the system. The balancing valve ensures that every branch and circuit gets what it needs. Correct selection and installation are vital for proper functioning. They balance the pressure in the system to provide the inside of the structure with the required temperature. It minimizes energy use and maintenance costs.

The function of a balancing valve is to fix any fluid flow problems caused by changes in line lengths or pressures within the system. Changes in elevations, mechanical losses, or different demands from different parts or zones of the system can all cause these changes.

The following article gives the basics of balance valves. It covers how it works, different types of balancing valves, and how they are usually used. In the end, it will explain the balancing valve’s advantages, applications, and size.

平衡阀如何工作？

HOW DOES A BALANCING VALVE WORK?

• 水力回路

Hydronic Circuits

HVAC 系统中液体的流动不断变化。它随着建筑物条件的变化而变化。如果用户正确构建和设置 HVAC 系统，它们应该能够在用户需要的时间和地点为其提供所需的能量。

The flow of liquids in an HVAC system is constantly changing. It changed with changes in the building’s conditions. If user build and establish their HVAC systems correctly, they should be able to give users the correct energy when and where users need it.

• 不平衡系统

Unbalanced System

水会流向最顺畅的地方。如果系统没有调整，水可能会溢出或溢出。这可能会导致加热或冷却太少或太多。不同长度的管道产生的“阻力”确保泵的房间获得更少的水。随着管道变长、转弯、变窄和重力，水头损失会增加。

Water will flow where it gives it the least amount of trouble. If a system isn’t adjusted, it could underflow or overflow. This could cause too little or too much heating or cooling. The “resistances” by lines of different lengths ensure that rooms from the pump get less water. Head loss goes up as the pipe gets longer, turns, gets more narrow, and gravity.

• 平衡系统

Balanced System

平衡阀可为所有管线添加适当程度的“阻力”。这可确保系统将正确的流量和温度分配到所有末端。它始终考虑设施的当前状况。

Adding the right degree of “resistance” to all lines is done by balancing valves. This ensures the system distributes the correct flow and temperature to all ends. It is always taking into consideration the facility’s current conditions.

平衡阀的主要类型有哪些？

WHAT ARE THE MAIN TYPES OF BALANCING VALVE?

静态平衡阀

STATIC BALANCING VALVES

静态平衡阀也称为数字锁定平衡阀和手动平衡阀。静态平衡阀不易受系统压力变化的影响。相反，静态平衡阀是需要手动调节的调节阀。这决定了阀门上的压力下降。有助于获得与设计一致的流量值。它由测试和平衡评估员提供，他们测量压力损失并计算流量。它有助于调整阀孔。在安装前确定这些阀门的设置后，这些设置在现场安装期间会进行修改。系统运行时，内部阀门组件保持静态。

这种手动操作可在满载条件（设计负载）下保持平衡系统。但是，在这种条件下，它只有 2% 到 3% 的时间运行。但是，当动态稍微偏离时，系统就会变得不平衡。这种状态会持续到系统重新评估和修改为止。

Static balancing valves are also called digital locking balancing valves and manual balancing valves. Static balancing valves are not susceptible to changes in system pressure. Instead, static balancing valves are modulating valves that require manual adjustment. This determines the pressure decrease across the valve. An assist in attaining flow values that align with the design. It is provided by a test and balance evaluator, who measures pressure loss and calculates flow. It helps to adjust valve holes. After determining the settings for these valves before installation, those settings are modified during field installation. Internal valve components remain static while the system is in operation.

This manual operation maintains a balanced system under full-load conditions (design load). However, it operates only 2% to 3% of the time under such conditions. However, the system becomes unbalanced when the dynamics deviate even slightly. This state persists until the system is reevaluated and modified.

静态平衡阀的操作和安装

Operation and Installation of Static Balancing Valve

静态数字锁定平衡阀由锁定机构、开度指示器和小型压力测量阀组成，便于流量测量。一旦为每个分支和用户入口安装适当的标准平衡阀，只需使用一次专门的智能设备即可解决问题。锁定后，系统的整体水量可以保持在可接受的范围内。因此，“流量大，温差小”的问题就解决了。

A static digital lock balance valve comprises a locking mechanism, an opening degree indicator, and a pressure measuring valve of a small design to facilitate flow measurement. Once the appropriate standard balance valve is installed for each branch and user inlet, only one use of a specialized smart device is required to correct the issue. After locking, the system’s overall water volume can be maintained within an acceptable range. Thus, the “large flow, small temperature difference” is overcome.

静态平衡阀的主要优点

Main Advantage of Static Balancing Valves

环保：

Environmentally Friendly:

静态平衡阀比自动阀消耗更少的能源和不可再生资源。

Static balancing valves use less energy and less non-renewable resources than automated valves.

灵敏：

Sensitive:

静态平衡阀可精确测量低流量。

Static balancing valves precisely measure low flow rates.

直观：

Intuitive:

当出现问题时，维护静态平衡阀比维护自动阀更简单。

Maintaining a static balancing valve is simpler when an issue arises than an automatic valve.

经济高效：

Cost-effective:

静态平衡阀比自动阀消耗更少的能源，有助于降低能源成本。

By consuming less energy than automatic valves, static balancing valves help reduce energy costs.

固定孔平衡阀

FIXED-ORIFICE BALANCING VALVES

它有一个固定的孔口，就像文丘里插入件一样，还有压力/温度端口。这些端口允许测量该孔口两端的压力差。由于在调节阀门时开口保持不变，因此通过测量端口两端的压力降，很容易确定系统的流量。在启动时，这种手动平衡阀效果更好。

It has a set orifice, like a Venturi insert, and pressure/temperature ports. These ports allow you to measure the difference in pressure across this orifice. Since the opening stays fixed while the valves are being adjusted, it is easy to determine the system’s flow rate by measuring the pressure drop across the ports. When launching, this kind of hand balance valve works better.

优点：

Advantages:

固定孔口设计比可变孔口设计更精确。它们也更容易设置，需要的连接更少，从而降低了安装成本。

Fixed orifice designs are more accurate than variable orifice designs. They are also easier to set up and require fewer connections, which lowers the installation cost.

动态平衡阀

AUTOMATIC BALANCING VALVES

动态和压力无关平衡阀是动态平衡阀的替代名称。这些阀门旨在通过维持恒定的流量来优化系统运行。然而，压差会发生变化。这些阀门在可变负载条件下比静态平衡阀发挥更大的作用。它们的内部组件是可移动的，以补偿压差的变化。

通过调节阀门内的系统压力变化，动态平衡阀在大多数负载条件下充当压差调节器。这使它们更加用户友好。

Dynamic and pressure-independent balancing valves are alternative names for automatic balancing valves. These valves aim to optimize system operation by sustaining a constant flow rate. However, variations in differential pressure. These valves function more under variable load conditions than static balancing valves. Their internal components are mobile to compensate for changes in differential pressure.

By regulating variations in system pressure within the valve, automatic balancing valves function as pressure differential regulators under most load conditions. This makes them more user-friendly.

动态平衡阀的优点

Advantages of Automatic Balancing Valves

• 用户友好：

User-friendly:

动态平衡阀可自行调节，无需平衡能力或成本。

Automatic balancing valves self-adjust, eliminating the need for balancing capability or costs.

• 高效：

Efficient:      

通过防止部分负荷下的过度抽水，自动平衡阀可降低抽水成本。它可确保水流不间断，从而提高锅炉效率。

By preventing overpumping at part load, automatic balancing valves decrease pumping costs. It ensures uninterrupted water flow, which improves boiler efficiency.

• 持久安静：

Long-lasting and quiet:

最大限度地减少水噪声和侵蚀有助于延长系统的使用寿命。

Minimizing water noise and erosion contributes to the system’s longevity.

• 省时：

Time-efficient:      

由于阀门自动平衡，因此无需人工帮助。在系统内重新配置终端单元时，需要重新平衡系统。

Since the valves balance automatically, there is no need for manual help. System rebalance is required when terminal units are reconfigured within the system.

压力独立型流量控制阀

PRESSURE-INDEPENDENT FLOW CONTROL VALVES

带有压力无关流量控制阀的一体式设备可执行平衡阀、控制阀和压差调节器的工作。它们具有适应系统压力变化的压差调节器。这可保持加热或冷却部分的流量稳定，以满足不同的温度需求。压力无关控制阀可与电机配对，使用户可以从远处控制流量。

All-in-one devices with pressure-independent flow control valves perform the work of balance valves, control valves, and differential pressure regulators. They have differential pressure regulators that adapt to changes in system pressure. This keeps the flow steady in the heating or cooling parts to meet different temperature needs. Pressure-independent control valves can be paired with motors that allow you to control the flow from a distance.

静态平衡阀与动态平衡阀的应用

APPLICATIONS OF STATIC BALANCING VALVES VS. AUTOMATIC BALANCING VALVES

动态和静态平衡阀在许多用途上都有优势。取决于给定系统的具体需求。

Automatic and static balancing valves are advantages in many uses. Contingent upon the specific demands of the given system.

• 静态平衡阀在家用热水循环管线中的应用：

Applications for Static Balancing Valves For Domestic Hot Water Recirculation Lines:

静态平衡阀可以有效调节管道系统中的水流量。

Static balancing valves can effectively regulate water flow through a plumbing system.

• 发电系统：

Power Generation Systems:

静态平衡阀与变速流量兼容。它控制发电系统中的系统。

Static balancing valves are compatible with variable speed flow. It controls systems in power generation systems.

• HVAC 系统：

HVAC Systems:

静态阀在流量经常较低的设施中表现良好。

Static valves perform well in facilities with frequent low flow rates.

• 动态平衡阀风机盘管机组的应用：

Applications for Automatic Balancing Valves Fan Coil Units:

动态平衡阀是更有效的调节风机盘管机组。

Automatic balancing valves are more effective regulated fan coil units.

HVAC 系统：

HVAC System:

动态平衡阀在 HVAC 系统中特别有效。它要求整个设施内有均匀的空气通道。

Automatic balancing valves are particularly effective in HVAC systems. It requires a uniform air passage throughout the facility.

平衡阀的应用

APPLICATIONS OF BALANCING VALVES

平衡阀通常用于水力平衡。该过程可优化水力加热系统中的水分配。它是一种平衡流体压力的冷却系统。最终，平衡阀通过在这些系统中实现平衡来确保以下几点：

• 降低运营成本

• 达到并保持正确的温度水平

• 优化能源使用

Balancing valves are typically used for hydronic balancing. This process optimizes water distribution within a hydronic heating. It is a cooling system that balances fluid pressure. Ultimately, balancing valves assure the following by attaining equilibrium within these systems:

• Operating costs are lowered

• Correct temperature levels are reached and maintained

• Optimization of energy used  

平衡阀在水力系统中的使用：

USE OF BALANCING VALVES IN HYDRONIC SYSTEMS:

平衡阀的安装和操作是水暖系统的基础。水暖系统使用水作为加热和冷却的介质。考虑将补偿阀应用于水暖系统。

The installation and operation of balancing valves are fundamental to hydronic systems. Hydronic systems use water as the medium for both heating and chilling. Consider the application of compensating valves to hydronic systems.

• 地板采暖：

In-floor Heating:

在地板采暖中，平衡阀起着至关重要的作用。它们调节热水通过地板管道的通道。平衡阀有助于整个地板均匀分布热量。整个房间都被加热。

In subfloor heating, balancing valves play a critical role. They regulate the passage of hot water through subfloor pipelines. Balancing valves help in the uniform distribution of heat throughout the floor. The entire chamber is heated.

• 散热器：

Radiators:

在水暖系统中，平衡阀被视为标准设备。它们调节热水向散热器的排放。它们确保为每个散热器提供足够的热水。它促进了系统的加热过程。平衡阀确保热量分布在整个结构中。它确保某些区域保持凉爽的温度，而其他区域则不会过热。

In hydronic systems, balancing valves are considered standard equipment. They regulate the discharge of hot water to radiators. They ensure the provision of adequate hot water to each radiator. It facilitates the system’s heating process. Balancing valves ensures that heat is distributed throughout the structure. It ensures certain areas maintain a cool temperature while others are prevented from overheating.

• 空气处理机组：

Air Handling Units:

这些机组需要在较大的建筑物中输送经过调节的空气。这些机组配有平衡阀，可维持热水或冷水的流动。它们会影响温度和蒸汽。平衡阀有助于保持平衡的环境。

These units are required to convey conditioned air in larger structures. These units are equipped with balancing valves that maintain the flow of hot or cold water. They have an impact on the temperature and vapor. Balancing valves contribute to the preservation of a balanced environment.

• 风机盘管机组：

Fan Coil Units:

风机盘管机组是水暖系统的冷却和加热设备。平衡阀调节这些机组的平衡供水。平衡阀的作用是确保每个机组都有理想的温度。它可以优化设计中的各个区域或空间。

Fan coil units are cooling & heating devices for hydronic systems. Balanced water supply is regulated by balancing valves to these units. Balancing valves function to ensure that each unit has the ideal temperature. It optimizes various zones or spaces within a design.

• 热交换器：

Heat Exchangers:

通过使用热交换器，一种液体被转换成另一种液体。平衡阀通过调节流向热交换器的流体来发挥作用。它促进有效的热传递。平衡阀确保热能的适当循环。它优化了系统的性能。

Through the use of heat exchangers, one liquid is converted to another. Balancing valves function by regulating the flow of fluids to the heat exchangers. It facilitates effective thermal transfer. Balancing valves ensures the proper circulation of thermal energy. It optimizes the performance of the system.

• 冷梁

Chilled Beams

墙壁或天花板配备有用于冷却水暖系统的冷梁。平衡阀控制冷水流向这些梁的通道。它提供精确且有效的冷却。使用平衡阀可防止冷却不足或过度。它确保整个区域的温度保持最佳状态。

Walls or ceilings are outfitted with chilled beams used to cool hydronic systems. Balance valves control the passage of chilled water to these beams. It provides precise cooling that is effective. The use of balancing valves prevents inadequate or excessive cooling. It ensures that the temperature remains optimal for the entire area.

• 平衡阀的尺寸

Sizes of Balancing Valves

市场上的平衡阀尺寸多种多样。从家用到工业应用，应有尽有。通常，1/2 英寸到 12 英寸是标准尺寸。对于特定的工业应用，可提供更大的尺寸。通常，管道直径决定了系统内的阀门尺寸。

在确定合适的平衡阀尺寸时，必须考虑系统的管道配置和所需的流量。选择大或小的阀门会影响系统的平衡和效率。

There are many dimensions of balancing valves on the market. It ranges from those designed for domestic use to those intended for industrial applications. At the same time, 1/2-inch to 12-inch is the typical range. Larger dimensions are available for particular industrial applications. Typically, the pipe diameter dictates the valve size within the system.

When determining the suit balancing valve size, it is vital to consider the system’s pipe configuration and the required flow rate. Choosing a valve that is large or small can have an impact on the system’s balance and efficacy.

结论

CONCLUSION

对于商业建筑或工业公司，请使用有效的 HVAC 系统。它们必须有平衡阀。平衡阀会带来一些成本和问题，但它们的优点多于缺点。安装它们可以减少能源消耗。此外，它还可以延长 HVAC 部件的使用寿命。它允许人们控制温度并降低系统噪音。但请记住，平衡阀需要定期维护。它仅限于在您的控制下完成。当检查和维护此阀门时，平衡阀可使任何 HVAC 系统保持可靠。

For commercial buildings or industrial companies, use an effective HVAC system. They must have balancing valves. Some costs and issues come with balance valves, but their pros are more than cons. Installing them reduces energy use. Moreover, it makes HVAC parts last longer. It allows people to control their temperatures and lower system noise. But remember that balance valves need to be maintained regularly. It is limited to complete under your control. When this valve is checked and kept, balancing valves keep any HVAC system reliable.