关于电气终端扭矩和安全性——您需要了解的（中英文）

了解安全电气连接所需的螺钉端接和扭矩要求。

Discover the screw terminations and torque requirements needed for secure electrical connections.

即使是像安装电源插座这样的日常操作，如果操作不当，也可能造成安全隐患。

最新的创新技术有助于消除潜在的安全问题，例如端子松动。以下是用户需要了解的有关电气连接安全端子的信息，以及相关产品如何提供帮助。

Even an everyday operation like installing an electrical outlet can create a safety hazard when done improperly.

The recent innovations help eliminate potential safety problems, like loose terminations. Here’s what you need to know about safe terminations in electrical connections and how the products help.

扭矩标准有哪些？NEC 110.14(D)

What are the torque standards? NEC 110.14(D)

美国国家电气规范 (NEC) 是美国电气布线和安装的一套强制性指南。该规范每三年发布一次，由美国国家消防协会 (NFPA) 强制执行。

NEC 110.14(D) 新增了一项规范条款，用于规范如何将接线设备的端子螺钉拧紧到特定扭矩。更新后的规范要求使用经过校准的扭矩工具来达到设备端子的指示扭矩值。此规则适用于所有情况，除非制造商在其安装说明中提供了替代方法。

遵守 2017 年规范的州，当设备安装说明提供了拧紧扭矩数值时，必须使用经过校准的扭矩工具。遵守 2020 年或更高版本规范的州现在必须遵循扩展的 2017 年规则，即使用“认可的方法”来达到必要的扭矩值。大多数设备制造商始终会提供扭矩数值。这意味着电工现在需要自行购买昂贵的扭矩扳手（或其他经过校准的合格设备），这会增加每次安装的时间和费用。

The National Electrical Code (NEC) is a required set of guidelines for electrical wiring and installations in the United States. It is published every three years and enforced by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA).

A new code section, NEC 110.14(D), has been introduced to address tightening the terminal screws of wiring devices to a specific torque. The updated code requires that a calibrated torque tool be used to achieve indicated torque values for equipment terminals. This rule applies in all cases except those in which the manufacturer provides an alternative method in their installation instructions.

States abiding by the 2017 code must utilize a calibrated torque tool when device installation instructions provide a tightening torque numeric value. Those states on 2020 code or later now must follow the expanded 2017 rule of utilizing an “approved means” to achieve the necessary torque value. Most device manufacturers always include a numeric torque value. This means electricians are now responsible for obtaining expensive torque drivers (or other acceptable calibrated equipment), adding time and expense to every installation.

HUBBELL 无螺丝端接解决方案

HUBBELL screwless termination solutions

HUBBELL 无螺丝端接解决方案无需扭矩设备和多次检查。多年前，HUBBELL 推出了 SNAPConnect® 模块化设备，该设备使用带连接器的尾纤，方便在粗装阶段轻松更换和预接线。

HUBBELL 最近推出了首款获得专利的 EdgeConnect™ 弹簧夹端子设备。EdgeConnect 解决方案允许用户简单地插入电线，按下颜色编码的柱塞，即可完成端接，所需时间不到传统螺丝端子设备的一半。随着热量和振动的增加，弹簧夹会更加牢固地压入导体，从而随着时间的推移真正拧紧，而不是松弛。

SnapConnect 和 EdgeConnect 端接类型均适用于广泛的接线设备产品线，可节省时间和金钱。它们无需任何扭矩要求设备或担忧！

HUBBELL screwless termination solutions eliminate the need for torque equipment and multiple inspections. Years ago, HUBBELL introduced SNAPConnect® modular devices that facilitate easy change outs and prewiring at the rough-in phase using connectorized pigtails.

HUBBELL recently launched the first ever patented EdgeConnect™ spring clamp terminal devices. The EdgeConnect solution allows users to simply insert their wires, press the color-coded plungers, and complete the terminations in less than half the time of a traditional screw terminal device. As heat and vibrations increase over time, the spring clamp presses into the conductor even more firmly to actually tighten over time, rather than relaxing.

Both SnapConnect and EdgeConnect termination styles are available across the breadth of our wiring device product lines and will save you time and money. They eliminate the need for any torque requirement equipment or concerns!

背景：电气终端的类型

The background: types of electrical terminations

电气安装通常采用螺钉端接，这是一种通过拧紧螺钉来固定电线的电气连接类型：

Electrical installations are commonly made by screw terminations, a type of electrical connection where a wire is held by the tightening of a screw:

侧面接线

Side wiring

设备侧面接线需要使用侧面的接线端子螺钉连接电线。使用钳子将电线弯曲成“鱼钩”形状，然后将钩子套在螺钉上。然后，电工必须用螺丝刀拧紧螺钉。由于侧面接线在市场上长期可靠，因此通常更受青睐，但依赖于经验丰富的电工。

Side wiring a device involves attaching wires using the side terminal screws. A pair of pliers is used to bend the wire, creating a “fishhook”, and the hook is placed around the screw. Then an electrician must tighten the screw with a screwdriver. Side wiring is often preferred due to its long history of reliability on the market but is dependent on a knowledgeable electrician.

背面接线

Back wiring

背面接线时，电线会从接线夹下方滑入相应的螺丝，然后由电工拧紧螺丝。通常，背面接线更容易，因为它无需手动创建“鱼钩”。不过，仍然需要用到螺丝刀。

During back wiring, wires are slid under the terminal clamp to the appropriate screw and then an electrician must tighten the screw. Generally, back wiring is easier as it eliminates the need to manually create the “fishhook.” However, a screwdriver is still necessary.

推入式端接

Push-in terminations

推入式端接也称为“推线”或“背刺”端接，可实现免工具端接导线。在推线端接中，导线只需插入连接器或接线端子即可夹紧导线。然而，这种端接方式不太牢固，并且可能会随着时间的推移而松弛。它们仅允许使用 15 安/14 AWG 的导线（为了防止 12-10 AWG 的导线接线错误，孔位不允许更大的导线插入）。如果发生接线错误，则无法重新端接。这种端接方式常用于住宅 DIY 环境中。

Also known as “push wire” or “back stab” terminations, push-in terminations allow for tool-free termination of conductors. In push wire terminations, wires are simply inserted into a connector or terminal block that grips the wire. However, these terminations are not as secure and may relax over time. They only allow for 15Amp/14AWG wire (the hole will not allow for larger conductor as means of preventing miswiring with 12-10AWG). If miswiring occurs there is no way to redo the termination. This style is frequently used in residential DIY settings.

无螺丝端接

Screwless terminations

无螺丝端接在市场上相对较新，有望最终成为首选的接线设备安装方法。

Screwless terminations are relatively new to the market and poised to eventually become the preferred wiring device installation methods.

模块化设备

Modular devices

模块化设备也称为连接式/连接器式或尾纤式设备。这类设备需要在导体上安装防触电外壳，并通过导线形成“尾纤”，尾纤必须单独订购（每台设备都需要一个）。模块化设备还设有一个端子区域，用于插入连接器。

Modular devices are also known as connected/connectorized or pigtailed devices. These require finger-safe housing on the conductors with wire leads to create a “pigtail” which must be ordered separately (one is needed for every device). The modular devices then have a terminal area for the connector to be inserted.

弹簧端接

Spring termination

一种包含带有弹簧夹或弹簧机构的端子的装置，导线的剥线端插入其中，并通过杠杆施加压力。

A device containing a terminal with a spring action clamp or spring mechanism where the stripped end of a conductor is inserted and a lever applies pressure, like our EdgeConnect solutions.

扭矩与螺钉端接有何关系？

What torque has to do with screw terminations

对于螺钉端接、背面接线和侧面接线，适当的扭矩对于确保可靠安全的连接以及防止电气火灾至关重要。适当的扭矩可保持电气连接紧固牢固，从而防止机械和电气故障，并确保电气系统在其整个使用寿命期间高效运行。

电气端接扭矩不当会导致一系列问题，危及电气系统的安全性、效率和使用寿命。扭矩不足和扭矩过大都会造成后果。

扭矩不足会导致连接松动，从而引发电弧、过热和潜在的电气火灾。扭矩过大会损坏电气元件，例如螺纹剥落或设备外壳破裂，从而损害电气系统的完整性。

For screw terminations, back wiring and side wiring, proper torquing is crucial to ensure reliable and safe connections and prevent electrical fires. Proper torque keeps electrical connections tight and secure to prevent mechanical and electrical failures and ensure efficient operation of electrical systems over their lifespan.

Improper torque in electrical terminations can lead to a range of issues that compromise the safety, efficiency, and longevity of electrical systems. Both under-torquing and over-torquing have consequences.

Under-torquing can result in loose connections, leading to arcing, overheating, and potential electrical fires. Over-torquing can damage electrical components, such as stripping threads or cracking device housings, compromising the integrity of the electrical system.

SNAPConnect 和 EdgeConnect 技术消除扭矩顾虑

SNAPConnect and EdgeConnect technology eliminate torque concerns

SNAPConnect 和 EdgeConnect 是专门针对电气设备的技术，可简化电气连接并提高其可靠性。这些技术应用于插座和开关，旨在提供安全一致的连接，无需传统的螺丝端子。

SNAPConnect 插座采用模块化接线装置系统，简化了安装和维护。SNAPConnect 装置采用卡入式结构，无需使用螺丝刀或扭矩扳手手动拧紧。该设计确保在插入电线并卡入到位时施加正确的力，并符合制造商的安全连接规范。

EdgeConnect 无螺丝端接系统是另一项先进的接线装置技术。内置的强力钢弹簧可夹紧电线，确保连接可靠。无需螺丝，也无需螺丝刀或扭矩扳手，因此不存在扭矩问题。只需插入电线并扣紧控制杆即可。

无论安装人员的培训水平如何，这种万无一失且持久耐用的连接都能确保高质量的结果。这种无螺丝端接系统还能缩短端接时间。EdgeConnect 技术采用弹簧端接，防止线束松弛，彻底革新了电气连接。

无螺丝端接是传统接线方法的现代替代方案，高效可靠，无需担心扭矩是否合适。

SNAPConnect and EdgeConnect are specific technologies for electrical devices that simplify and enhance the reliability of electrical connections. These technologies are used in receptacles and switches. They are designed to provide secure and consistent connections without traditional screw terminals.

SNAPConnect receptacles feature a modular wiring device system that simplifies installation and maintenance. SNAPConnect devices use a snap-in mechanism that doesn’t require manual torquing with a screwdriver or torque wrench. The design ensures that the correct amount of force is applied when the wires are inserted and snapped into place, adhering to the manufacturer’s specifications for a secure connection.

The EdgeConnect Screwless Termination system is another advanced wiring device technology. Strong steel springs inside grip wires tight for a reliable connection. There are no screws, and no screwdrivers or torque wrenches are required, so there are no torque issues. Simply insert the wire and engage the lever.

The foolproof and long-lasting connection ensures a high-quality result regardless of the installer's level of training. This screwless termination system also reduces termination time. With spring termination preventing strand relaxation, EdgeConnect technology revolutionizes electrical connections.

Screwless terminations are a modern alternative to traditional wiring methods, offering efficiency and reliability and eliminating concerns over proper torque.

确保螺钉端子扭矩一致的技巧和窍门

Tips and tricks for consistent torque on screw terminals

在电气安装过程中，保持一致的扭矩对于电气系统的安全性、可靠性和使用寿命至关重要。以下是一些有助于保持一致扭矩应用的实用技巧和窍门：

1. 使用优质扭矩工具

2. 标准化操作程序

3. 使用扭矩指示器或数字工具

4. 实施质量检查

5. 了解并根据环境因素进行调整

6. 使用正确的技术

Achieving consistent torque during electrical installations is crucial to the safety, reliability, and longevity of electrical systems. Here are some practical tips and tricks to help maintain consistent torque applications:

1. Use quality torque tools

2. Standardize procedures

3. Use torque indicators or digital tools

4. Implement quality checks

5. Understand and adjust for environmental factors

6. Use correct techniques